A website remembers your language while a picture loads from an older copy. Both involve information retained by a browser, but they are not the same mechanism.
Give each item a job
MDN’s cookie guide describes cookies as small pieces of data that can be stored by a browser and sent with applicable requests. They can support functions such as sign-in state and preferences.
A cached image is a retained resource that may be reused when the browser needs that resource again. Clearing one category does not mean every other form of site information has been removed.
Describe the symptom first
Write down whether the problem concerns an old visual resource, an account session or a remembered preference. Keep the page address and time of the observation. This will not diagnose the fault automatically, but it narrows the question.
Browser controls and website behaviour vary. Read the selected clearing options before confirming them, since removing site data may sign you out or remove local preferences.
Change one thing you understand
When following reliable support instructions, note which category you cleared and what changed afterwards. Avoid treating a successful reload as proof of the exact underlying cause.
Our explanation of older page copies provides the caching side. Naming the stored information makes a troubleshooting conversation much clearer.